Visual representations documenting geographical understanding of a crucial historical region during antiquity. These depictions, often created on clay tablets, papyrus, or other durable materials, showcase the spatial relationships of settlements, rivers, and other significant features as perceived by the civilizations inhabiting or interacting with the area now known as the Middle East.
Studying these historical depictions allows researchers to gain insight into the worldview, trade networks, military strategies, and intellectual achievements of ancient societies. These visual records provide critical data about ancient geography, including settlement locations and natural resource distribution. Furthermore, they illuminate how these societies perceived themselves in relation to their neighbors and the broader world.
