A depiction of the European continent and its political divisions at the turn of the 20th century, this cartographic representation reflects the established sovereign nations, empires, and their respective boundaries as they existed circa 1900. It illustrates the geopolitical landscape before the significant territorial changes brought about by World War I and subsequent treaties. For example, such a representation would show the Austro-Hungarian Empire as a unified entity, and delineate the borders of the German Empire established in 1871.
Studying the geopolitical arrangements of this era provides crucial insight into the factors that led to the major conflicts of the 20th century. It highlights the intricate web of alliances, imperial ambitions, and nationalistic tensions that characterized the period. Analysis of territorial holdings, spheres of influence, and areas of contention reveals the underlying dynamics that contributed to escalating international rivalries and ultimately, widespread warfare. It serves as a valuable tool for understanding the long-term causes of global instability and the reshaping of the modern world order.